C++ Assignment Operators

Assignment operators in C++ are used to assign values to variables and update their values using arithmetic operations. This tutorial provides separate examples for each operator and a combined program demonstrating all assignment operators.

1. Simple Assignment (=)

Assigns the value of the right-hand side to the left-hand side variable.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a;
    a = 10;
    cout << "a = " << a << endl;
    return 0;
}

2. Addition Assignment (+=)

Adds the right-hand side value to the left-hand side variable and assigns the result to the left-hand side.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a = 5;
    a += 3; // a = a + 3
    cout << "a += 3 -> a = " << a << endl;
    return 0;
}

3. Subtraction Assignment (-=)

Subtracts the right-hand side value from the left-hand side variable and assigns the result to the left-hand side.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a = 10;
    a -= 4; // a = a - 4
    cout << "a -= 4 -> a = " << a << endl;
    return 0;
}

4. Multiplication Assignment (*=)

Multiplies the left-hand side variable by the right-hand side value and assigns the result to the left-hand side.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a = 5;
    a *= 3; // a = a * 3
    cout << "a *= 3 -> a = " << a << endl;
    return 0;
}

5. Division Assignment (/=)

Divides the left-hand side variable by the right-hand side value and assigns the result to the left-hand side.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a = 15;
    a /= 3; // a = a / 3
    cout << "a /= 3 -> a = " << a << endl;
    return 0;
}

6. Modulus Assignment (%=)

Calculates the remainder of dividing the left-hand side variable by the right-hand side value and assigns the result to the left-hand side.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a = 10;
    a %= 3; // a = a % 3
    cout << "a %= 3 -> a = " << a << endl;
    return 0;
}

7. Combined Program

This program demonstrates all assignment operators together.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a = 10;
    cout << "Initial value: a = " << a << endl;

    a = 20;
    cout << "After = : a = " << a << endl;

    a += 5;
    cout << "After += 5: a = " << a << endl;

    a -= 3;
    cout << "After -= 3: a = " << a << endl;

    a *= 2;
    cout << "After *= 2: a = " << a << endl;

    a /= 4;
    cout << "After /= 4: a = " << a << endl;

    a %= 3;
    cout << "After %= 3: a = " << a << endl;

    return 0;
}

Conclusion

C++ assignment operators allow assigning and updating variable values efficiently. Using separate examples and a combined program helps understand the behavior of =, +=, -=, *=, /=, and %= operators.